Capital and largest city in Idaho, Boise (BOY-see) is also the business, financial, professional, and transportation center of the state. It is home to Boise State University (1932) and the National Interagency Fire Center, the nation's logistical support center for wildland fire suppression. Early French trappers labeled this still tree-rich area as les bois (the woods). Established during gold rush days, Boise was overshadowed by nearby Idaho City until designated the territorial capital in 1864. Abundant hydroelectric power stimulated manufacturing, with electronics, steel fabrication, and mobile homes the leading industries. Several major companies have their headquarters here. Lumber, fruit, sugar beets, and livestock are other mainstays of the economy; the state's main dairy region lies to the west of Boise. Natural hot water from the underground springs (with temperatures up to 170° F) heats some of the homes in the eastern portion of the city. A Ranger District office and the headquarters of the Boise National Forest are located here.

Extending alongside the Boise River is the Greenbelt, a trail used for jogging, skating, biking, and walking. When complete, the 22-mile trail will connect Eagle Island State Park on the west side of the city with Lucky Peak State Park on the east side of the city.